Hi There are 3 main particles of an atom. They are electrons, protons and neutrons.
Protons are the most elementary particles of an atom.
They are situated in the nucleus.
They carry single positive charge.
In fact, charge carried by a proton has been labeled as single charge.
How do all the protons, which are similarly charged stay composed in the nucleus?
It is because of energy called binding energy.
The number at the base of an atom represent the atomic number.
e.g.In case of carbon 6C, the atomic number is 6, which means number of protons is 6.
Introduction to 3 particles of an atom
ProtonsProtons are the most elementary particles of an atom.
They are situated in the nucleus.
They carry single positive charge.
In fact, charge carried by a proton has been labeled as single charge.
How do all the protons, which are similarly charged stay composed in the nucleus?
It is because of energy called binding energy.
The number at the base of an atom represent the atomic number.
e.g.In case of carbon 6C, the atomic number is 6, which means number of protons is 6.
Neutrons
They are nuclear particles with mass nearby that of protons but no charge.
Since they are part of mass number along with the protons, the number of neutrons is equal to,
Mass number - Number of protons.
e.g: The mass number of Krypton is 84 and the number of protons is 36.
So the number of neutrons = 84 - 36 = 48
Mass number is written at the top of the symbol of the element.
Since they are part of mass number along with the protons, the number of neutrons is equal to,
Mass number - Number of protons.
e.g: The mass number of Krypton is 84 and the number of protons is 36.
So the number of neutrons = 84 - 36 = 48
Mass number is written at the top of the symbol of the element.
Electrons
Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles.
The charge is −1.602×10−19 Coulomb.
Their mass is 1/1836 th of that of proton and is many a times neglected in related calculations.
Electrons are rotating outside the nucleus of an atom. They are arranged in sub-shells in different energy levels.
The energy levels are named as K, L, M, N etc.., and the sub-shells as s, p, d, f etc.., Electrons posses a spin of +1/2 or -1/2.
Electrons are elementary particles and are not composed of quarks. They were discovered by J.J.Thompson in 1897.
Electricity is actually flow of electrons.
Chemical bonds are formed either by donating, accepting or sharing of electrons.
As the number of electrons is same as that of protons, the atom attains stability as the opposite charges attract one another.
Thus the number of electrons can be found from the number of protons.
Their mass is 1/1836 th of that of proton and is many a times neglected in related calculations.
Electrons are rotating outside the nucleus of an atom. They are arranged in sub-shells in different energy levels.
The energy levels are named as K, L, M, N etc.., and the sub-shells as s, p, d, f etc.., Electrons posses a spin of +1/2 or -1/2.
Electrons are elementary particles and are not composed of quarks. They were discovered by J.J.Thompson in 1897.
Electricity is actually flow of electrons.
Chemical bonds are formed either by donating, accepting or sharing of electrons.
As the number of electrons is same as that of protons, the atom attains stability as the opposite charges attract one another.
Thus the number of electrons can be found from the number of protons.
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