Introduction :
Alkynes are hydrocarbons which contains carbon-carbon triple bond. They show neither geometric nor optical isomerism. The simplest alkyne consist of one triple bond i.e. ethyne (HCCH) which is commonly termed as acetylene. The structural formula of acetylene is
Molecular Formula and Structural Formulas:
The alkynes consist of compounds which are based on carbon and hydrogen series containing leastways one triple bond. The alkyne is a homologous series having the formula of CnH2n-2, where n is any integer which is greater than one.
In the chain of long alkynes, the carbon atoms added are closed to each other via single covalent bonds. Each carbon atom in the alkynes is associated with sufficient hydrogen atom to complete the valency of carbon as four. In alkynes, if there are four or more than four carbon atoms, the triple bond can be situated in different positions next to the chain which results in the formation of isomers.
For example, the alkyne of molecular formulas C4H6 has two isomers,
As alkynes have restricted rotation because of the presence of triple bond, they do not hold stereo isomers as alkenes because there is sp hybridized bonding present in a carbon-carbon triple bond. The maximum separation is 180o between the hybridized orbitals in the sp hybridization so the molecule is in linear form. Thus the alkynes are located in straight line because of this stereo isomers are impossible.
Physical Properties of Molecular Formula for Alkynes:
Most of the alkynes are less dense than water but some are exceptions.
Chemical Properties of Molecular Formula for Alkynes;
Alkynes are more polar than alkanes and alkenes. Liquid alkynes are non-polar solvents so immiscible in water. Alkynes having low ratio of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms are highly combustible.
These alkynes are highly reactive so can be easily broken into alkanes and alkenes. They store large amount of chemical energy that’s why highly exothermic when broken. The released heat can cause rapid expansion so care must be taken when managing with alkynes.
Conclusion on Molecular Formula for Alkynes:
The triple carbon bonds are formed in alkenes due to absence of hydrogen’s. Thus they allow carbon bonds to be stronger, because of the nucleus central force which pulls in nearby atoms.
Alkynes are hydrocarbons which contains carbon-carbon triple bond. They show neither geometric nor optical isomerism. The simplest alkyne consist of one triple bond i.e. ethyne (HCCH) which is commonly termed as acetylene. The structural formula of acetylene is
Molecular Formula and Structural Formulas:
The alkynes consist of compounds which are based on carbon and hydrogen series containing leastways one triple bond. The alkyne is a homologous series having the formula of CnH2n-2, where n is any integer which is greater than one.
In the chain of long alkynes, the carbon atoms added are closed to each other via single covalent bonds. Each carbon atom in the alkynes is associated with sufficient hydrogen atom to complete the valency of carbon as four. In alkynes, if there are four or more than four carbon atoms, the triple bond can be situated in different positions next to the chain which results in the formation of isomers.
For example, the alkyne of molecular formulas C4H6 has two isomers,
As alkynes have restricted rotation because of the presence of triple bond, they do not hold stereo isomers as alkenes because there is sp hybridized bonding present in a carbon-carbon triple bond. The maximum separation is 180o between the hybridized orbitals in the sp hybridization so the molecule is in linear form. Thus the alkynes are located in straight line because of this stereo isomers are impossible.
Physical Properties of Molecular Formula for Alkynes:
Most of the alkynes are less dense than water but some are exceptions.
Chemical Properties of Molecular Formula for Alkynes;
Alkynes are more polar than alkanes and alkenes. Liquid alkynes are non-polar solvents so immiscible in water. Alkynes having low ratio of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms are highly combustible.
These alkynes are highly reactive so can be easily broken into alkanes and alkenes. They store large amount of chemical energy that’s why highly exothermic when broken. The released heat can cause rapid expansion so care must be taken when managing with alkynes.
Conclusion on Molecular Formula for Alkynes:
The triple carbon bonds are formed in alkenes due to absence of hydrogen’s. Thus they allow carbon bonds to be stronger, because of the nucleus central force which pulls in nearby atoms.
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