Wednesday, March 6, 2013

Naming ionic and molecular compounds

A chemical compound has a unique and defined chemical structure in which fixed ratios of atoms are held together in a defined spatial arrangement by chemical bonds. Basically there are two types of chemical compounds in chemistry, namely

Ionic compounds: Any substance which consists of two or more ionically-bonded atoms is called ionic compounds. A good example of an ionic compound is sodium chloride (table salt). In ionic compound, ions are held together in a lattice structure by ionic bonds. Positively charged ions are called cations and negatively charged ions are called as anions.


Molecular compounds: A molecule is the basic unit of a molecular compound. A molecule is defined as an object containing two or more atoms bonded together by covalent bonds. A molecule is the smallest particle of a compound which defines the properties of that compound. When a molecule is dissolved, it never dissociates.

naming ionic compounds

Ionic compounds dissolve in polar solvents which ionize, such as water and ionic liquids. They are also capable of dissolving in other polar solvents like alcohols, acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide. Ionic compounds do not tend to dissolve in non polar solvents.
According to International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry IUPAC names of any ionic compound is written in two words. First name contains cation with oxidation number written in parentheses followed by the name of the anions. For example, the name of Fe2 (so4)is written as iron(III) sulfate.

naming molecular compounds

We use chemical formula to describe the constituents of any chemical compound. Basically, there are three types of chemical formula namely, simple formula, graphic formula, and structural formula.

Simple formula:
In this formula, the elements are represented in symbolic form with subscripts to describe their ratio. Consider the simple formula of water which is H2o. It shows the presence of two parts hydrogen and one part of oxygen.

Graphic formula:
In graphical formula, the element is represented in such a way to show the physical orientation of the constituent atoms to one another. The graphic formula of water is HOH. Water molecule has an atom of hydrogen to either side of an atom of oxygen.

Structural formula:
In structural formula, each and every atom is two dimensionally represented. The structural formula for water is given by H-O-H.

3 comments:

  1. It is true that basically, there are three types of chemical formula namely, simple formula, graphic formula, and structural formula and it's very important for students to know about these formulas in detail as it can be great homework help chemistry for the students studying Chemistry.

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